Artikel 4

1. At the start of his/her research project, the doctoral candidate should approach one or more supervisors and any co-supervisors for his or her research.
2. At his or her request, the doctoral candidate shall receive the written consent of a professor, including the latter’s appointment as supervisor. The candidate shall also receive the written consent of an envisaged co-supervisor. Any refusal or provisional decision shall be submitted in writing, including the reasons that led to the decision.
3. Immediately after the decision referred to in Article 4, Paragraph 2 has been taken, the doctoral candidate should ask the Board of Deans to appoint the supervisor(s), submitting the written consent referred to in Article 4, Paragraph 2. Preferably at the same time, the supervisor shall ask the Board of Deans to appoint the co-supervisor(s), submitting the written consent referred to in the last paragraph and in Article 15, Paragraphs 1 and 2.
4. The professor concerned and any co-supervisors shall be entitled to reconsider and revoke an earlier consent or approval; such should then be done in writing, stating the reasons for such a decision.
5. Within four weeks after receiving a request to that effect, the Board of Deans shall appoint the supervisor(s) and co-supervisor(s), and inform the doctoral candidate of such forthwith. If the Board of Deans appoints more than one supervisor, it shall also designate the primary supervisor, as referred to in Article 10, Paragraph 1.
6. The doctoral candidate has the right to appeal to the Board of Deans against the decisions stipulated in Paragraphs 2 and 4. The Board of Deans shall determine the matter in accordance with the provisions of Article 39, Paragraphs 2 to 5 inclusive.

Artikel 5

1. After acceptance of the doctoral candidate’s thesis, he or she shall submit a request to the Board of Deans for admission to the degree ceremony, specifying diplomas gained, as stipulated in Article 2, the topic and title of his or her thesis, the professor he or she wishes to be appointed as supervisor and the faculty that, in his or her view and that of the appointed supervisor, covers the topic of the doctoral research.
2. A request, as meant in Paragraph 1, should also include the following details of the doctoral candidate:
   a. surname and first name(s);
   b. address;
   c. place where and time when the examination was taken on the basis of which the diploma, referred to in Paragraph 1, was obtained.
3. A request, as meant in Paragraph 1, must include a statement that the dissertation is the result of research either done by the doctoral candidate himself or herself, or to which the candidate made an essential contribution, as well as a statement that the research has not previously been used to obtain a doctoral or equivalent degree, including a Ph.D.
   The request shall be submitted on the appropriate form, also signed by the appointed supervisor.

Artikel 6

The research upon which the dissertation is based, must meet the following requirements:
a. the doctoral candidate shall have carried out the research independently or shall have made an essential contribution to it;
b. the research shall have been carried out in keeping with the code of conduct applying to professional activities in the field of science concerned;
c. if test subjects were involved in the research, such must have taken place with the explicit consent of the subjects concerned or of their legal representative(s) and, whenever appropriate, with the approval of the medical ethics assessment committee for the research protocol;
d. if experimental animals were involved in the research, such must have taken place in accordance with the regulations and with the approval of the university’s Animal Experiments Commission.

Artikel 7

1. Joint research may serve as the basis for a joint dissertation for a maximum of two candidates, provided that the following conditions shall have been met:
   a. each of the doctoral candidates shall have made a separate, clearly demarcated and sufficient contribution to the research, which is adequate for the purposes of a doctoral dissertation and to the satisfaction of the supervisor;
   b. each of the doctoral candidates shall be specified as the author of a particular part of the dissertation, leaving intact the joint responsibility of the candidates for the internal coherence;
   c. the dissertation should state the individual share that each of the candidates had in its creation;
   d. each of the doctoral candidates should add the required number of propositions as meant in Article 22, Paragraph 4 to the dissertation;
2. In the case of a joint dissertation as meant in the previous paragraph, the procedures and rules of the present regulations apply to each doctoral candidate separately.